GEO · Generative Engine Optimization
GEO: get AI to name you.
GEO is the work of getting your brand to show up, cited and accurately described, in answers from ChatGPT, Gemini, Perplexity and Google's AI Overviews. Here's what it is, how it differs from SEO and how we approach it.
Definition
What is GEO?
GEO (Generative Engine Optimization) is the set of practices that get a brand mentioned, or cited as a source, in the answers generated by AI engines such as ChatGPT, Gemini, Perplexity, Copilot and Google's AI Overviews and AI Mode.
A traditional search engine returns a list of links and the user picks one. A generative engine reads several sources, writes an answer and decides who to name. GEO works on that decision, on your citability: making your content easy to find, understand and cite, and getting other trusted sources to talk about you. The term comes from academic research: it was proposed by a team from Princeton, Georgia Tech, the Allen Institute for AI and IIT Delhi in the paper “GEO: Generative Engine Optimization” (Aggarwal et al., presented at KDD 2024).
Quick glossary
- Citability
- How likely an AI engine is to pick your brand as the answer or as a source. It's what GEO works on, and what we measure with Nomadic Radar.
- Generative engine
- An AI system that answers with written text instead of a list of results: ChatGPT, Gemini, Perplexity, Copilot, AI Overviews.
- Mention
- When the answer names your brand, with or without a link.
- Citation
- When the answer links to your site as the source of what it says.
- AEO
- Answer Engine Optimization: optimizing so your content becomes the direct answer to a question. A term very close to GEO.
- LLM
- Large Language Model: the technology behind every AI assistant.
- Prompt
- The question or instruction a person types into an AI.
- AI Overviews and AI Mode
- Google's AI-generated answers: the summary shown above the results (AI Overviews) and the conversational search mode (AI Mode). Both link to their sources.
- LLMO and AI SEO
- Other names for the same work: LLM Optimization, AI SEO or “ranking in ChatGPT”. All of them aim to get AI to mention or cite you.
- Fan-out
- The sub-searches an AI engine runs on its own before answering. A single question can trigger several, each bringing its own sources.
GEO vs. SEO
How is GEO different from SEO?
SEO aims to get your page ranking well in a search engine's list of results; GEO aims to get your brand inside the answer an AI writes. They don't compete: GEO stands on SEO, because generative engines draw their sources from content that is already well indexed, well structured and trustworthy.
| SEO | GEO | |
|---|---|---|
| Where you show up | In the results list on Google and other search engines | Inside answers from ChatGPT, Gemini, Perplexity and AI Overviews |
| What you win | Position and clicks | Mentions, citations and how you're described |
| Unit of work | The keyword | The full question and its variations |
| Where it's won | Mostly on your own site | On your site and in what third parties say about you: rankings, comparisons, media, forums, videos and reviews |
| What matters | Relevance, authority and the page's technical quality | Clear content, a well-defined entity and consensus across third-party sources |
| How it's measured | Rankings, impressions, clicks and conversions | Presence in answers, brand description, competitors that appear and traffic from assistants |
That's why we don't sell GEO instead of SEO. We work both fronts with a single strategy.
Why it matters
Why does your brand need GEO?
Because more and more people get their questions answered inside an AI response, without visiting ten sites. Only a few brands make it into those answers. If yours isn't there, the recommendation goes to someone else, and someone else gets to describe your company.
The answer
The answer replaces the list
Users read a summary and decide from there. Ranking fifth on Google matters less if the answer names three brands and none of them is yours.
The choice
AI chooses who to name
It doesn't show everyone. It sticks with the sources it understands best and trusts most, and those sources can be worked on.
The description
You get described even if you don't take part
If your site doesn't clearly say what you do, for whom and where, AI fills the gaps with whatever it finds elsewhere. It may be outdated, or simply wrong.
The measurement
What you lose doesn't show up in analytics
If AI recommends someone else, there's no lost visit to record. Unless you measure it directly, the problem is invisible.
What we do
What does a GEO project include?
As an SEO and GEO agency, at Nomadic we work on five fronts: we audit your current visibility in AI engines, make your content citable, organize your entity and structured data, build authority and mentions on third-party sources, and track your category's questions every month.
01 · Audit
AI visibility audit
We build the set of questions your customers ask and check what the main engines answer: whether they name you, how they describe you, who they name instead, which sources they cite and whether their crawlers can read your site.
02 · Content
Citable content
Pages with the direct answer up front, clear definitions, verifiable data and an easy-to-scan structure: the format an engine can extract and cite without ambiguity.
03 · Entities
Entities and structured data
Making your brand a clear entity: what it is, what it offers, where it operates. Organization, products, services, authors and FAQs marked up with schema.org and consistent across your ecosystem.
04 · Authority
Authority and mentions
Engines cross-check sources. We work on your presence in media, directories, comparison sites, reviews and communities where your category is discussed.
05 · Tracking
Monthly prompt tracking
We track the same set of questions every month to see what changed and against whom, and adjust the plan with data.
How we measure
How do you measure AI visibility?
We measure it with Nomadic Radar, our own tracking system: together with you, we define a set of real questions from your category and track them every month across the main AI engines. For each answer we record three things: whether you're mentioned, how you're described and which competitors appear next to you.
- 01
Are you mentioned?
Whether your brand appears in the answer, whether your site is cited as a source, and on which engines.
- 02
How are you described?
What AI says about your brand: whether it's accurate, up to date and consistent with your positioning.
- 03
Next to whom?
Which competitors show up in the same answers and which sources the engine uses to name them.
Illustrative tracking example
| Question | Engine | Names you? | Alongside |
|---|---|---|---|
| Best [category] for mid-size companies | ChatGPT | Yes, cited | Competitor A, B |
| Alternatives to [competitor A] | Gemini | Yes, mentioned | Competitor A, C |
| Which [category] is best in [country]? | AI Overviews | No | Competitor B, C |
We also cross-check with what your analytics can see: visits coming from AI assistants and how searches for your brand evolve.
GEO KPIs
Four metrics, always on the same questions
We calculate them every month on the same set of questions, per engine and overall, so you can compare against your starting point and against your competitors.
Mentions ÷ questions
Mention rate
The percentage of tracked questions where the answer names your brand.
Citations ÷ questions
Citation rate
The percentage of answers where the engine links to or cites a page on your site as a source.
Your mentions ÷ category total
AI share of voice
Your brand's share of all brand mentions in your category, compared with your competitors.
Order, context and tone
Position and sentiment
Whether you're named first or last, for which use case you're recommended and whether the description is accurate and favorable.
Feet on the ground
What we can promise in GEO, and what we can't
No one controls what an AI engine answers. What can be done is to improve, measurably, the conditions engines use to choose sources, and track the outcome question by question.
What we do promise
- Measure before acting and show you the starting point
- Work on what engines actually use: content, entity, authority and technical access
- Report every month on the same questions, so comparisons are real
- Tell you when something isn't working and change course
What we don't
- Guarantee you'll appear in a specific answer or on a specific engine
- Promise results on fixed timelines: models change often
- Tricks to game the models: what shortcuts win, the next update takes away
How we work
A clear path, tailored to your category
- 01
We build your question set
The real questions your customers ask AI, with their variants, and what ChatGPT, Gemini, Perplexity and AI Overviews answer today: whether they name you, how, and who gets named instead.
- 02
We find out why they pick someone else
Which sources engines cite and what your content, entity or authority is missing. From there, a plan prioritized by the questions that matter most to your business.
- 03
We make your brand citable
Content with the direct answer up front, structured data, access for AI crawlers and third-party mentions, built on the SEO foundation you already have.
- 04
We track the same questions every month
Mention rate, citation rate, share of voice and how you're described, on the same set and against your competitors, to see what really changed and adjust the plan.
GEO by industry
GEO built for your industry
What people ask AI varies a lot by industry. That's why we work GEO within each vertical.
Media
SEO & GEO for media
Get AI to cite your stories as a source, without losing Discover or Top Stories.
See serviceE-commerce
SEO & GEO for e-commerce
Get recommended when someone asks where to buy or which product to choose.
See serviceB2B
SEO & GEO for B2B
Make the shortlist when buyers ask AI for vendors.
See serviceEducation
SEO & GEO for education
Get named when people ask what and where to study.
See serviceFree diagnosis
Want to know if AI mentions you today?
Tell us your brand and category. We check what the main AI engines answer and send you the results, no strings attached.
FAQ
Everything people ask us about GEO
Do I have to give up SEO to do GEO?
No, and it would be a mistake. AI engines choose their sources from content that's already well indexed, well structured and trustworthy, and several of them search the web at the moment they answer. Without a solid SEO foundation, GEO has nothing to stand on. That's why we don't sell it instead of SEO: it's one more layer of the same strategy, with its own measurement.
What is a GEO agency and what does it do?
A GEO agency works to get AI engines such as ChatGPT, Gemini, Perplexity and Google's AI Overviews to mention a brand, cite it as a source and describe it accurately. In practice, it measures what those engines answer to the questions in your category, improves your content and structured data, works on your presence in third-party sources and repeats the measurement every month. Nomadic is an SEO and GEO agency: it does both jobs under a single strategy.
How do you rank in ChatGPT?
There's no sign-up or payment to appear in answers, and there's no fixed position: either your brand is in the answer or it isn't. According to OpenAI's help center for publishers, any public website can appear in ChatGPT search as long as it doesn't block OpenAI's search crawler, OAI-SearchBot, in robots.txt. From there, three things matter: content that answers the question directly, a clear and consistent description of your brand everywhere, and mentions in the third-party sources ChatGPT consults for your category, such as rankings, comparisons, media and forums.
How do you appear in Google's AI Overviews?
With the same SEO foundations. Google Search Central states there are no additional requirements or special files to appear in AI Overviews or AI Mode: the page has to be indexed and eligible to be shown in Search with a snippet. What helps is content that answers the question clearly, is trustworthy and is well structured, so Google can use it as a supporting link.
Are GEO, AEO, LLMO and AI SEO the same thing?
In practice, yes: they're different names for the work of showing up in AI answers. AEO (Answer Engine Optimization) focuses on being the direct answer to a question; GEO and LLMO, on getting generative engines and language models to mention and cite you. “AI SEO” and “ranking in ChatGPT” are the ways people most often search for it.
Do you guarantee AI will name my brand?
No, and be wary of anyone who does. No engine discloses how it picks sources, the same question can get different answers depending on the person, their history and the moment, and models are updated often. What we do guarantee is measuring with a fixed set of questions, working on what engines use (content, entity, authority and technical access) and showing you every month what changed.
Why not have my in-house team do it?
Your team can and should be part of it: they know the product and the customer and have their hands on the site. What an agency brings is systematic measurement (a set of questions tracked every month across several engines), the experience of seeing what works across many categories at once and the capacity to work on content, entity, technical SEO and authority in parallel. We work with your team, not instead of it.
How long until we see results?
It depends on your starting point, how competitive your category is and how often engines refresh their sources. What shows first is usually what's most controllable: AI describing your brand accurately and your site being cited for questions where you were already relevant. Winning mentions in questions where competitors are named today takes longer, because it also depends on third-party sources.
What if we already work with another SEO agency?
You don't need to replace them. We can join for the GEO front only, share data with your current agency and agree on who does what so work isn't duplicated. If you're considering a switch, the diagnosis shows your AI starting point before you decide.
How do I know if AI mentions my brand today?
You can request our free diagnosis: we check what the main engines answer about your category and send you the results. A manual test is a useful reference, but answers vary by person, history and timing, so we measure with a fixed set of questions.
Should I block or allow AI crawlers?
It depends on your business, but if you want to appear in answers, the crawlers those engines use to look up information need to be able to read your site. Not all crawlers are the same: OpenAI separates OAI-SearchBot, which powers ChatGPT search, from GPTBot, which collects content to train models; and at Google, blocking Google-Extended limits how your content is used in Gemini but doesn't remove you from Search or AI Overviews. We review your setup crawler by crawler, so you can decide with full information.
How do you choose a GEO agency?
Ask for three things before signing: your starting point measured on a fixed set of real questions from your category, a clear explanation of what will change on and off your site (content, structured data, crawler access and third-party sources), and monthly reporting on those same questions. Be wary of anyone who guarantees a spot in an answer or a fixed timeline, and of anyone selling GEO without SEO.
Can you pay to appear in AI answers?
Some platforms already show or are testing ad formats, but they're labeled as ads and kept separate from the answer. The organic mention inside the answer can't be bought: it's earned with content, entity and authority.
Your next destination
Let's chase what matters. In AI, too.
Tell us your category and your competitors. We'll tell you where to start.